Join This Channel on YouTube to Get Access to Perks: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCS3M_uNHH2iOJkpGhkO2SA/join Get Access to Member-Only Videos & More Perks on Patreon - https://www.patreon.com/historydecoded Subscribe to Celtic History Decoded - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCS3M_uNHH2iOJkpGhkO2SA?sub_confirmation=1 Differences Between Scottish & English DNA… Chapters: 0:00 Intro 1:18 Differences in Scottish & English Ancestry 4:05 Differences in Physical Traits and Genetic Conditions 5:58 Scottish & English DNA Haplogroups Compared 8:10 Overall Differences What are the DNA differences and similarities between Scotland and England? Now so much has been said about Scotland and England over the years, yet there has been very little genetic comparisons between the two. So that’s exactly what we are going to look at in this video. We will also look at the different frequencies of physical traits, and genetic conditions, in Scotland vs England. Now both these countries initially formed as distinct kingdoms in the medieval period: Scotland in 843 AD, and England in 927. They then developed over the centuries into the countries we recognise today with their modern borders. In 1707, England and Scotland unified into the Kingdom of Great Britain, through the Acts of Union. Yet their people retained some distinct cultural and genetic identities that we will look at in this video. Now the DNA story of Scotland and England doesn’t just apply to people in these countries. So many people across the world have Scottish or English ancestry, or a combination of the two. As you can see in this table, the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand have the most amount of people with at least one of these descents across the globe, with over 50 million people having Scottish or England ancestry in the US. People who live in Scotland and England also often have some mixed ancestry as well of course. But what are the main genetic differences between Scotland and England, and how different are they? And please let me know if you have Scottish or English ancestry in the comments below. Sources: Schiffels, S., Haak, W., Paajanen, P. et al. Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history. Nat Commun 7, 10408 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10408 Haplogroup R1b (Y-DNA) - Eupedia Leslie, S., Winney, B., Hellenthal, G. et al. The fine-scale genetic structure of the British population. Nature 519, 309–314 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14230 E. Gilbert et al. The genetic landscape of Scotland and the Isles, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 116 (38) 19064-19070, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1904761116 (2019). Scotland's genetic landscape reflects Dark Age populations - BBC News Who do you think you really are? A genetic map of the British Isles | University of Oxford Amador, C., Huffman, J., Trochet, H. et al. Recent genomic heritage in Scotland. BMC Genomics 16, 437 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-1605-2 Scottish diaspora - Wikipedia Haemochromatosis UK – data on HFE mutation prevalence in UK regions haemochromatosis.org.uk Map of blue-eyed Britain: As scientists suggest colour is more attractive, study shows it is most common in Ireland and Scotland, but least likely in the south | Daily Mail Online Countries With The Most Blue-Eyed People - WorldAtlas Scottish DNA – English DNA – Haplogroups – Genetics – Genetic History – Scotland – England – History – R1b – R1b-L21 – R1b-U106 – Celtic Ancestry – Germanic Ancestry Creative Commons Imagery: Maulucioni File:Haplogrupo R1b (ADN-Y).png - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International - Creative Commons SKIBLY101 File:DF13 EUROPE.png - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International - Creative Commons Hel-hama File:England 878.svg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported - Creative Commons Wojciech Pędzich, Robert Molyneaux File:Yamnaya phenotype, Reconstruction, male, grave Novooleksiivka; Ukraine.png - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International - Creative Commons Matteo De Stefano/MUSE File:Homo sapiens - Neolithic - reconstruction - MUSE.jpg - Wikimedia Commons Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Deed - Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported - Creative Commons #scotland #england #ancestry