Content: 0:00 Introduction 0:37 Parts of the Central Nervous System 1:36 Neurons 4:30 Functions of Neurons 5:28 Neuroglia 6:41 Distribution of White and Grey Matter 7:54 Nervous Tracts 9:16 Nervous System Development ------------------------------- 🫀 Join: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEr7pkSXVsHcBLLBcJAGV-Q/join 📷 Follow my IG: https://www.instagram.com/taimtalksmed/ 💝 Donation link: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/taimtalksmed ------------------------------- Central Nervous System Parts: - The Brain (Encephalon) ○ Medulla Oblongata ○ Pons ○ Mesencephalon ○ Cerebellum ○ Diencephalon ○ Telencephalon - Spinal Cord (Medulla Spinalis) Neurons: - Neurons form Nerve Tissue - Dendrites - Cell body (nucleus) - Axons - Axon Terminal - CNS: Oligodendrocytes - PNS: Shwan Cells - Myelin Sheath - Histology: Granules, demarcation between axon and body - Multipolar Neuron - Pseudounipolar Neuron - Bipolar Neuron Neuron Function: - Afferent (Sensory) Nerve - Interneuron - Efferent (Motor) Nerve Neuroglia: - Give mechanical support and provides nutrients - Astrocytes form Blood Brain Barrier - Oligodendrocytes (myelination) - Microglia (Immune Cells) - Ependymal Cells (Lines cavities in the brain and spinal cord) Distribution of White and Grey matter in the CNS: - Grey Matter (Rich in Nerve body and Dendrites) - White Matter (Myelinated Axons) - Cross Sections of Spinal Cord ○ Grey matter in centrum and white matter around - Cross Sections of Brain ○ Grey mater in cortex and in middle an white matter between Nerve Tracts (Tractus Nervosi): - Bundle of axons that connect gray matter to gray matter - Classification ○ Association Fibers ○ Commisural Fibers ○ Projection Fibers - Classification ○ Ascending Tracts ○ Descending Tracts ○ Indirect Tracts Development of Central Nervous System: - Week 4 after fertilization ○ Spinal Cord ○ Rhombencephalon (Hindbrain) ○ Mesencephlaon (Midbrain) ○ Prosencephalon (Forebrain) - Week 5 after fertilization ○ Spinal Cord ○ Myelencephalon ○ Metencephalon ○ Mesencephalon (Midbrain) ○ Diencephalon ○ Telencephalon Sources used in this video: - Memorix Anatomy 2nd Edition by Hudák Radovan (Author), Kachlík David (Author), Volný Ondřej (Author) - Biorender - University notes and lectures