Flemming Splidsboel Hansen, Senior Researcher, Danish Institute for International Studies. What Security Guarantees Does Ukraine Need? A ceasefire without security guarantees does not ensure peace – it would merely provide Ukraine with a breather before the next attack. Even if negotiations were to succeed in 2025, the West must make it clear to Russia that any renewed aggression would end in defeat. To maintain credible deterrence, Europe must act as a united front – if necessary, even without U.S. support. What are the conditions for ending the war? How can Ukraine be stabilised and another Russian attack prevented?