Please Buy Me a Coffee: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/CelticHistory Please support this channel on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/historydecoded Please donate through PayPal using this link: https://www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=QFB9ZECHZJDF6 – you can also send money through PayPal straight to chdecoded@gmail.com if you don’t want to use the link. Subscribe to Celtic History Decoded: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCS3M_uNHH2iOJkpGhkO2SA?sub_confirmation=1 The Anglo-Saxons had a massive impact on the language and genetics of what we call England today, but when and why did these Germanic peoples settle in England? Shortly after the Roman withdrawal from Britain in 410 AD, groups of Angles and Saxons from places such as ancient Germany and Denmark began flooding into ancient England, with Frisia, a region in parts of modern Germany and the Netherlands, thought to have been a key region the Anglo-Saxons came from. Ancient England at that point was a mixture of various peoples, including the Celtic Britons and the legacy of the Roman period. The first thing to note is that the Anglo-Saxons were initially invited to defend the Britons against attacks from groups such as the Picts and the Scotti. Bede, an ancient English monk, wrote in the 8th century AD on the Ecclesiastical History of the English people that Anglo-Saxons were initially invited by Vortigern, a King of the Britons, to fight his enemies, and they were given land in the east of modern England. Bede writes that after initially coming over in three warships, word quickly spread of the fertile lands in Britain and more Angles and Saxons sailed over. They came from three powerful Germanic tribes, the Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes, according to Bede, and were led by two brothers, Hengist and Horsa. After initially being invited to fight on behalf of the Britons, the Anglo-Saxons turned on their hosts, as the “number of foreigners began to increase to such an extent that they became a source of terror to the natives that had invited them in,” in the words of Bede. “Then suddenly, they made a temporary treaty with the Picts that they had already driven far away and began to turn their weapons against their allies,” Bede adds. Others fled across the water to Armorica, or Britanny today, and their Celtic Brythonic language with them. That is why many people of Britanny today still speak one of the six remaining Celtic languages, called Breton. Sources: Heptarchy - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heptarchy Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_settlement_of_Britain BBC - Why did the Anglo-Saxons come to Britain? https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/zxsbcdm/articles/z23br82 Schiffels, S., Haak, W., Paajanen, P. et al. Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history. Nat Commun 7, 10408 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10408 Bede - Ecclesiastical History of the English people (Oxford World’s Classics) Britannica, Anglo-Saxon https://www.britannica.com/topic/Anglo-Saxon English language https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language Settlers: Genetics, Geography and the Peopling of Britain - Oxford University Museum of Natural History - http://www.oum.ox.ac.uk/settlers/ Oxford University Museum of Natural History - Genetic Ancestry and the People of the British Isles https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f8k9LMaFeRM&t=1s University of Oxford - Who do you think you really are? A genetic map of the British Isles https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2015-03-19-who-do-you-think-you-really-are-genetic-map-british-isles University of Oxford - People of the British Isles - Population Genetics and Facial Genetics https://www.peopleofthebritishisles.org/ https://www.peopleofthebritishisles.org/population-genetics Creative Commons Imagery: Ziko-C https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2004_sutton_hoo_01.JPG Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, 2.5 Generic, 2.0 Generic and 1.0 Generic license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/deed.en GPinkerton https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anglo.Saxon.migration.5th.cen.jpg Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en QuartierLatin1968 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_Celtic_Nations-flag_shades.svg Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en Hel-hama GNU Free Documentation License, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Britain_peoples_circa_600.svg https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en #england #history #dna 0:00 Invasion and Migration 2:24 Seven Kingdoms 2:48 Language 3:26 Genetics 4:26 Support