Content: 0:00 Introduction 2:19 Functions of the Cerebral Cortex 4:25 Surfaces and Fissures of the Brain 5:06 Dural Septa 8:49 Lobes of the Cerebral Hemispheres 9:59 Frontal Lobe (Lateral) 12:20 Parietal Lobe (Lateral) 13:47 Temporal Lobe (Lateral) 15:32 Lobes and Gyri on Medial Surface 20:13 Lobes and Gyri on Inferior Surface 20:53 Insular Lobe 💎Channel membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEr7pkSXVsHcBLLBcJAGV-Q/join 📷 Follow my IG: https://www.instagram.com/taimtalksmed/ 💝 Donation link: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/taimtalksmed Telencephalon Anatomy - Pallium ○ Cerebral Cortex ○ White Matter of the Brain (Corpus Medullare Telencephali) - Subpallium ○ Basal Ganglion Functions of the Cerebral Cortex - Thickness of 1.5-5mm - Layers of the Cerebral Cortex ○ Molecular Layer ○ External Granular Layer ○ External Pyramidal Layer ○ Internal Granular Layer ○ Internal Pyramidal Layer ○ Multiform Layer - Sensory Areas ○ Primary Somatosensory Cortex ○ Primary Visual Cortex ○ Primary Auditory Cortex - Motor Cortex ○ Primary Motor Cortex - Association Areas Surfaces of the Cerebrum Hemispheres - Medial Surface (Facies Medialis) - Superiolateral Surface (Facies SUperolateralis) - Inferior Surface (Facies Inferior) Fissures of the Cerebral Hemispheres: - Longitudinal Fissure (Fissura Longitudinalis Cerebri) - Transverse Fissure (Fissura Transversa Cerebri) Dural Septa: - Double layer of meningeal layer - Falx Cerebri in the Longitudinal Fissure - Tentorium Cerebelli in the Transverse Fissure of the brain - Falx Cerebelli Lobes of the Cerebral Hemispheres: - Frontal Lobe (Lobus Frontalis) - Parietal Lobe (Lobus Parietalis) - Temporal Lobe (Lobus Temporalis) - Occipital Lobe (Lobus Occipitalis) - Insular Lobe (Lobus Insularis) Main Sulci: - Lateral Sulcus (Sylvius) (Sulcus Lateralis) - Central Sulcus (Rolando) (Sulcus Centralis) - Parietooccipital Sulcus (Sulcus Parietooccipitalis) Frontal Lobe: - Precentral Sulcus (Sulcus Precentalis) - Superior Frontal Sulcus (Sulcus Frontalis Superior) - Inferior Forntal Sulcus (Sulcus Frontalis Inferions) - Precentral Gyrus (Gyrus Precentralis) ○ Primary Motor Cortex ○ Motor Homunculus ○ Corticospinal Tract ○ Corticonuclear Tract (Corticobulbar tract) - Superior Frontal Gyris (Gyrius Frontalis Superior) - Middle Forntal Gyris (Gyris Forntalis MEdius) - Inferior Frontal Gyrus (Gyrus Frontalis Inferior) ○ Brochas Area (Motor Speech Center) Parietal Lobe - Postcentral Sulcus (Sulcus Postcentralis) - Intraparietal Sulcus (Sulcus Intraparietalis) - Postcentral Gyrus (Gyrus Postcentralis) ○ Primary Somatosensory Cortex ○ Sensory Homunculus - Superior Parietal Lobule (Lobulus Parietalis Superior) - Inferior Parietal Lobule (Lobulus Parietalis Inferior) ○ Supramarginal Gyrus ○ Angular Gyrus Temporal Lobe - Superior Temporal Sulcus (Sulcus Temporalis Superior) - Inferior Temporal Sulcus (Sucus Temproalis Inferior) - Superior Temporal Gyrus (Gyrus Temporalis Superior) ○ Primary Auditory Cortex: ○ Auditory Pathway: ○ Cochlear Nerve ○ Cochlear Nuclei ○ Lateral Lemniscus ○ Inferior Colliculi ○ Brachium of the Inferior Colliculi (Brachium Colliculi Inferior) ○ Medial Geniculate Body ○ Primary Auditory Cortex (Superior Temporal Gyrus) ○ Wernicke's Area ○ Receptive Aphasia - Middle Temporal Gyrus (Gyrus Temporalis Medius) - Inferior Temporal Gyrus (Gyrus Temporalis Inferior) Medial Surface: - Cingulate Sulcus (Sulcus Cinguli) - Subparietal Sulcus (Sulcus Subparietalis) - Cingular Gyrus (Gyrus Cinguli) - Paracentral Sulcus (Sulcus Paracentralis) - Marginal Sulcus (Sulcus Marginalis) - Superior Frontal Gyrus - Paracentral Gyrus (Gyrus Pracentralis) - Precuneus - Parietooccipital Sulcus - Occipital Lobe ○ Cuneus ○ Visual Pathway: ○ Receptors of Optic Nerve ○ Optic Chiasm ○ Lateral Geniculate Body (Metathalamus) ○ Primary Visual Cortex ○ Brachium of the Superior Colliculi (Brachium Colliculi superior) ○ Inferior Colliculi ○ Lateral Occipitotemporal Gyrus / Fusiform Gyrus (Gyrus Occipitotemporalis Inferior) ○ Medial Occipitotemporal Gyrus / Lingual Gyrus (Gyrus Occipitotemporalis Superior) - Calcarine Sulcus (Sulcus Calcarinus) - Collateral Sulcus (Occipitotemporal Sulcus) - Occipitotemporal Sulcus (Sulcus Occipitotemporalis) - Parahippocampal Gyrus (Gyrus Parahippocampalis) - Inferior Temporal Gyrus - Sulcus of Corpus Callosum (Sulcus Corporis Callosi) - Corpus Callosum - Hippocampal Sulcus (Sulcus Hippocampi) - Dentate Gyrus (Gyrus Dentatus) - Uncus - Isthmus of Cinulate Gyrus (Isthmus Gyri Cinguli) Inferior Lobes and Gyri - Olfactory Sulcus (Sulcus Olfactorius) - Gyrus Rectus (part of prefrontal cortex) - Orbital Frontal Gyri (Gyri Orbitales) (Part of prefrontal Cortex) ○ Orbital Frontal Sulci (Sulci Orbitales) Insular Lobe (Lobus Insularis) - Short Gyri of Insulae (Gyri Breves Insulae) - Long Gyrus of Insulae (Gyris Lobus Insulae) - Taste Sensation (Gustation Cortex) - Visceral Sensation - Vestibular Cortex